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Fleischer Studios & Paramount Pictures
Fleischer Studios was an American animation studio founded in 1929 by brothers Max and Dave Fleischer. They ran the pioneering company from its founding until its acquisition by Paramount Pictures, the parent company and distributor of its films.
Timeline of music video
1920s Screen songs
Cartoon Sing Along Flims
Screen Songs (formerly known as KoKo Song Car-Tunes) is a series of animated cartoons made by Fleischer Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures from 1929 to 1938. Paramount reintroduced the sing-along cartoons in 1945, this time in colour, and they were released on a regular basis until 1951.
Movies became talkies on October 6, 1927. The Warner Bros, released The Jazz Singer, which was an American musical film, released in 1927, that was the first feature-length movie with synchronized dialogue.
1926 The"Talkies"
The early commercialisation of sound cinema occurred in the mid-to-late 1920s. At first, sound films which where synchronised conversation, known as "talking pictures" or "talkies," were just shorts. The first feature-length films with recorded sound contained simply music and effects.
The musical Oklahoma is based on Lynn Riggs' 1931 play Green Grow the Lilacs. Set in farmland outside of Claremore. It was released in 1906 and follows the story of farm girl Laurey Williams and her courtship by two rival suitors: cowboy Curly McLain and the menacing and scary farmhand Jud Fry.
1930s-40
Hollywood Musicals
Musical film is a film genre in which the characters' songs are intertwined into the story, occasionally accompanied by dance. The songs usually enhance the plot or develop the film's characters, although in certain cases, they serve simply as breaks in the storyline. In the 1930 Hollywood produce more then 100 musicals.
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) produced The Wizard of Oz, an American musical fantasy film from 1939. It is an adaption of L. Frank Baum novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. It was primarily directed by Victor Fleming, who left to work on other musical productions.
The wizard of Oz is about a girl named Dorothy, who ends up in the magical Land of Oz after she and her pet dog Toto are swept away from their home by a cyclone. Upon her arrival in the magical world of Oz, she learns she cannot return home until she has destroyed the Wicked Witch of the West.
On the Town tells the story of three sailors during World War II and their romantic adventures on a 24-hour shore leave in New York City.
1950s Music Clips, TV performance
A music video or music clip is a short film that portrays a song on television. Most music videos feature the musician who recorded the song singing or lip-syncing on screen. Homesick Blue was the first music video recorded in 1965.
At Folsom Prison is the first live album by American singer-songwriter Johnny Cash. The single was released on Columbia Records on May 6, 1968.
The Platters were an American vocal group formed in 1952. They were one of the most successful vocal groups during the early rock and roll era. Their most popular songs included: Only you, My prayer, Twilight time and I'm sorry
"Getting to Know You" is a show tune from Rodgers and Hammerstein's in 1951 musical ''The King and I.'' Gertrude Lawrence sang it in the original Broadway production, and later followed by Marni Nixon, who dubbed for Deborah Kerr in the 1956 film adaptation.
1960- 1973 : Promotional Clips & Films
Film promotion generally includes press releases, advertising campaigns, merchandising, the media, and interviews with the key people involved in making the film, such as the film's actors and directors.
Help! is the Beatles' fifth studio album and the soundtrack to their film of the same name. It was released on August 6, 1965 by Parlophone. The film Help! follows the Beatles as they struggle to protect Ringo Starr from a dangerous eastern cult and a couple of insane scientists, all of whom are obsessed with obtaining a sacrificial ring brought to him by a fan. The song is about their emotions when they where rising to fame.
Bob Dylan's song "Subterranean Homesick Blues" was recorded on January 14, 1965 and published as a single by Columbia Records. The song discusses the situation of the world and how awful it is.
A Hard Day's Night is a 1964 musical comedy film starring the rock band The Beatles. The film portrays 36 hours in the lives of the group members as they prepare for a television performance.
1974 - 1980 : First Music Videos
The first music video was created in 1894 by Joseph Stern and Edward mark called "The Lost Child". It's about a missing girl who was find by a police officer, who is later reconnected with his former wife after it turns out that he is the girl's father.
"Bohemian Rhapsody" is a song by the British rock band Queen. It was released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, "A Night at the Opera," which was written by their lead singer Freddie Mercury. It's about a young man who accidentally killed someone and sells his soul to the devil.
1981-1991: Music Videos Go mainstream
MTV debuted just after midnight on August 1, 1981, with the broadcast of “Video Killed the Radio Star” by the Buggles. It launched in the uk on August 1, 1987. It is an American cable television channel that runs music videos for 24 hours. It has an award show called "The MTV Video Music Awards, which celebrates artists and their music videos. It was held in 1984 at New York City's Radio City Music Hall.
MTV Raps is a two-hour American television music video program that aired on MTV Europe from 1987 to the mid-1990s and on MTV USA from August 1988 to August 1995. It showed a mix of rap videos, interviews with rap stars, live in-studio performances and comedy.
Thriller is the sixth studio album by the American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson. It was released on November 29, 1982, by Epic Records. Thriller was the most expensive music video ever made, totalling around $1 million. It aired on mtv on December 2, 1983
VH1 is an American basic cable television network that debuted on January 1, 1985. It is currently owned by the BET Media Group. They have shows such as Dancing With the Stars, Agatha All Along, The Golden Bachelorette, and High Potential.
Chris Cunningham is a British video artist and music video director who has directed videos for electronic musicians such as Autechre, Squarepusher, and Aphex. He made his directing debut in 1997 with Aphex Twin's music video "Come to Daddy".
His music videos are unsettling, eerie, and have a glitchy style to them. Some consider his most creepiest music video is "Come To Daddy." The music video has a nightmare aspect to it, as a group of strange children wreak and terrorise residents at the command of a dangerous power inside an ancient television screen.
1992 - 2004: Rise of the directors
The most expensive music video is Michael Jackson & Janet Jackson "Scream". The music video was created in 1995 with an original budget of $7 million. It is now valued up to $12.7 million. Mark Romanek directed the music video "Scream". The music video is in black and white, featuring Michael and Janet Jackson dancing, playing games, and relaxing on a giant spaceship.
Floria Sigismondi is an Italian-Canadian filmmaker, screenwriter, music video director, artist, and photographer. She has produced films such as The Great Performers, The Runaways, The Turning, and Marilyn Manson: Tourniquet. She has also directed several music videos, including Christina Aguilera's "Hurt" and Katy Perry's "The One That Got Away". She is a well-known artist in the industry and achieved many things.
Michel Gondry, Chris Cunningham, Spike Jonze, and Floria Sigismondi are some of the most influential directors.
The first music video to reach 1 billion views was "Gangnam Style" made by kpop star psy. It reached 1 billion views on December 2012.
Lady gaga's poker face reached 1 billon views in 2009 and is Gaga's third music video to achieve this milestone.
2005 - 2021: Music video Downloads and streaming
Apple first debuted the iTunes media platform in 2001 as a simple music player for Mac computers. It is a discontinued media player, media library, and mobile device management.
The first viral video on YouTube was footage of Ronaldinho accepting the Golden Boot Award. It garnered 1.8 million views seventeen years ago. It was launched on YouTube on February 14, 2005.
"Here It Goes Again" is a song by the American rock band OK Go. It's the fifth single from their second studio album, Oh No (2005). It was the band's only single to chart in the US Billboard Hot 100.
Present: Visual Albums
A visual album is a concept album that includes a feature-length film or individual music videos for every song. Typically, films, or "visuals," highlight the album's overall theme.
Beyoncé Lemonade is a 2016 musical film and visual album. Beyonce wanted to demonstrate the historical impact of slavery on black love and what it has done to black families, as well as black men and women—how they're almost socialised to not be together
Types of music videos ↓
Red Velvet - Feel My Rhythm Performance video (Kpop)
Performance Music Videos
Performance videos include the band or artist playing the song in the same way they do on stage. All of the instruments are present, and they are simply reenacting their live performance. The aim is to focus on the artists and present them in a particular way to the public.
Kpop groups often release a performance music video alongside their official music video. The official music video is normally a narrative story-based video, while the performance video showcases the same choreography they would perform live. It's called the performance version.
Beyonce- Single Ladies
Beyoncé's "Single Ladies" is a stylish dance-based performance video. The music video is in black and white, and it shows her dancing and singing alongside background dancers. Jake Nava directed it, and JaQuel Knight choreographed it.
Red Velvet - Psycho performance video (Kpop)
Nirvana - Smells Like Teen Spirit
Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" is a performance video, as it portrays the band performing their song live in front of an audience that appears to be in a school hall. All the instruments are present and it shows the band playing them.
The Weeknd - Can't Feel My Face
The Weeknd's "I Can't Feel My Face" music video is also a performance video as he sings his song live in front of an audience, despite them dis-liking it
Bts - Save Me performance video&offical music video (Kpop)
Narrative Music videos
Narrative-based music videos are series of shots that are designed to tell a story similar to a short film. Some can feature brief artist performances, others have the artist acting rather than performing and some have no artist at all and only their song in the background.
As mentioned before, K-pop music videos have a lot of storytelling and lore behind them. They do this to ensure the fanbase's durability and to pique fans' interest in watching the music videos, in order for them to keep up with the plot. Fans become more invested in the storyline and return to the music videos to see how things unfold. This also helps the music video gain more views.
BTS released an album titled "Wings" (Boy Meets Evil). The album contains several songs with deep meanings, including the official music video "Blood Sweat and Tears." "Blood sweat and tears" mv (music video), is about the difference between wanting to sin and resisting it. It portrays the conflict between good and bad, showing the members being tempted by evil and trying to resist it/hide it from others, but eventually succumb to it. The video conveys the message, that while people may wish there was a way to keep their sins from visibly tarnishing them, the reality is that humans can never escape the consequences of their actions or hide the evidence of their immorality from others and will eventually get caught.
Narrative music video: Red Velvet Russian Roulette
Red Velvet's Russian Roulette music video is about killing for love. In the music video, all of the girls are in love with the same man, and you see them attempting to kill each other in horrific ways to be with him, for example, pushing lockers onto one of the members, feeding them fake cereal, and shoving a piano down at one of them. The music video shows footage from the cartoon show "Tom and Jerry", this is to show the trials and errors of the girls' backstabbing and killings. Russian Roulette is a game and in the music video killing is a game to them. At the end of the music video, one of the members receives a bullet, which is supposed to represent the boy's heart as he falls in love with her. This was because she killed the least out of all the members and had the "purest" heart.
Michal Gondry is a French director who has directed many music videos. He is known for creating strange music videos that make no sense at first glance. These are some of the music videos he has created.⇩
Conceptual music video
Conceptual music videos often focus on abstract ideas, emotions, and creativity in order to provoke deeper thoughts and feelings in the audience. These music videos combine uncommon narratives and artistic visuals to convey a deep message to the audience. The music videos tend to be weird and unusual; some may make no sense, and viewers must delve deeper into the music video to understand.
Coldplay's "Paradise" is a very abnormal music video as it follows the journey of an elephant who wants to escape from the zoo in order to find her paradise.
At first glance, Radiohead's "No Surprises" music video may appear silly or strange, as it has one of the band members sing inside a tank while words and water rise around them. However, if you look further into the music video, you'll notice that it depicts someone trying to hold it together but can't. The rising water and the simultaneous singing symbolize the person's effort to maintain composure.
Lyrics music videos
A lyric music video is a type of music video that features the lyrics of a song displayed on a screen, often synchronised with the music. Unlike standard music videos, which may incorporate a storyline or visual narratives, lyric videos focus primarily on the song's lyrics, allowing viewers to read along while they listen. To enhance the viewing experience, these music videos may include visual elements like animations, typography and background imagery. Lyric videos have become more popular as it's a way for the artists to promote their songs and engage with their audience on platforms like YouTube
Megan Thee Stallion's "Girls in the Hood" is a lyrical music video from her album "Good News," which was released on June 26, 2020. The video has a Y2K aesthetic and features a lot of neon colors. Megan's face is prominently featured in the video to convey the lyrics. The song's lyrics focus on her lavish lifestyle, her attitude towards men, and her haters.
Olivia Rodrigo's lyrical music videos "Brutal" and "Jealousy, jealousy" are from her album Sour, which was released on May 14, 2021. Both lyrical music videos use the same layout. It features a book that resembles a diary called the composition book, with the names of the music videos written on the side. The book opens, and the lyrics are handwritten and include pictures, creating the appearance of a diary.
The lyrics of "Jealousy, Jealousy" discuss the unrealistic standards society has imposed on young people, particularly young women through social media. The music video portrays Olivia Rodrigo comparing herself to other women on social media and feeling insecure.
The lyrics of "Brutal" are about the misleading promises of youth. It talks about all the betrayals, disappointments, parents' expectations, and challenges that teenagers go through in their “golden years.” It's Olivia Rodrigo’s punk-rock take on teenage angst
Justin Bieber's lyrical video "Sorry" is about apologizing to a lover and asking for forgiveness, to get a second chance to redeem himself. The lyrics in the video appear simultaneously with the song and the beat, and they are shown on ordinary objects such as tissues, pavements, stairs, and mirrors.
Rock band Arctic Monkeys has an animated music video for their song "Do I Wanna Know". The music video primarily features continuous line drawings, which morph the flow and rhythm of the song. The lines represent sound waves that move rhythmically in sync with the song's beat, and they occasionally transform into bodies, pavements and other objects that follow the music video.
Animated Music videos
Animated music videos are created using original designs, drawings, illustrations, or computer-generated effects, all set to the artist's song. Artists like making animated music videos because it allows them to be more creative than a live-action music video. For instance, an artist can design an imagery world that enhances the visual narratives of the song.
Gorillaz is a virtual British band that was formed in 1998. The band is well known for their animated music videos, one of which is called "Feel Good". The music video features 2D animation and is about intellectual freedom and the media's dumbing down of mass culture. The inspiration for the music video was drawn from Hayao Miyazaki's animated film "Castle in the Sky" which was released in 1986.
The British band Gorillaz also created an animated music video for their song "Rhinestone Eyes." The video is animated in a storyboard format and depicts a battle between the band and a group of cyborgs, who have invaded the band's fictional beach known as "Plastic Beach"(the title of their album). The video conveys a message on how corruption and people's greed can result in dysfunction and conflict.
Megan thee Stallion's "neva play" music video, featuring RM, is both animated and live-action. It has a cinematic and animated style, with a vibrant arcade theme. It shows her playing a game at an arcade and then transitions into animation when she enters the game. The company Martian Blueberry created the animation and got inspiration from Japanese animes such as "Cowboy Bebop" made by Shinichirō Watanabe.